Brooder.



J. F. MAcKAY.

BROODER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20. l9l6.

1,244, 1 1 l. Patented Oct. 23, 1917.

2 SHEEIS-SHEET 1.

i. F. MACKAY BRUOUER. FLPPUCATHPH HLED MAR. 20] IQIG. 1,5434%, 1 1 1. w Patented Oct. 23, 1917.

Z SHEETS-SHUT 2.

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BBOODEB.

To all whom it may concerm.

Be it .dmown that I J 01111 KAY, a citizen of the at Bordentown, in the county of Burlington and State'of New J erscy, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brooders, of which the FREEMAN Macfollowmg is a specification,

reference being had therein to the accompaiifing drawing.

present in'vention refers to various useful and novel details in the construction of brooders or hovers for use with infant poultry and other birds, especially newly-t hatched chickswhich must be protected from chilling drafts-and'kept in a. uniform and stable temperature. -The object of the invention is to provide a. simple, efficient, and economical, mechanical combination by which heat can be generated easily and inex ensively, and the temperature of w' 1 be automatically controlled, the alr kept pure, and quick access to all the parts e easily had. The invention, therefore, may

a brooder of the co be said to comprise struction desc 'bed and claimed wherein .t e

heatin means consists preferably of a gas or oil urner, the whole combination having a removable and adiustable hood, a cold airsupply, an anti dra t arrangement of parts, and other useful and effective appurtenances, together with various details and peculiarities in the construction, combination and arrangement of the parts, substaritially as will be hereinafter described and then more fully pointed out in, the claims.

In the accompanying drawing illustrating m invention:

,igure 1 is a. vertical section of my improved brooder; 40

Fig. 2 is atop lan view; Fig. 3 is an en arged section of the upper art of the brooder as it is represented in i? 1, but with the top damper open;

4 is a horizontal cross-section on the line d of Fig-3. a

Similar characters of reference designate correspondin fiartsthroughout the difierent figures o t o drawing.

1 denotes a conical hood desi ed to surround the heating means an rovide'a brooder chamber under which -t e chicks may be hovered as under the wings of a 11' said hood spreading outwardly more or ess froxnits center so .as to make the chamber thereunder larger or smaller," and V Specification of Letters Patent.

llnitod States, residing over pulleys 4, which cables which no part of the present loy various kindsof- 'with a -series of openings low the its burner 16, and the drum Patented cat. es, 191% Application ma inch an, new. Serial I0. sums.

having its outer peripheral edge raised a.

convenient distance from the floor so as to a provide ea passage to and fro for the chicks or ot ier poultry or birds The coni calupper end of the hood 1 has a circular opening 1" and the part of the hood sur rounding this opening rests loosely upon the correspondingly-beveled 'side of 'a top casting, 5 which 18 supported on "a central cylindrical heating drum Qcarried by a'bot tom circular frame 20 having a, foot ledge or feet 21 resting on the floor of the colony- I I house or other surface "where the breeder" ma be placed. The hood 1' an lowered by means of cables 3 running mg be manipulated 'or operated in any desir way for the urpose of lifting mg 5 and above the heating means so that the interior of the brooder chamber canjbe reached for any purpose.' Ordinarily the hood 1 rests loosely upon the to castin' 5 in they way Irhave explained. his hoo L is further provided with a peep hole or hand hole 25 'tonllow investigation of itsinterior whenit is in use. I

The cylindrical base QO'provides inside thereof a burner chamber, inwhich is"situ-- type and desi 'ed for'use with anykind-of gas or oil.

received t rough supply can 18.

can be raised a the hood 1 oil the cast ated a burner 16 which is of any suitable preferably employ a burner which va orizes oil into gas, the oil being a pipe 17 running froma' The detailed ctmstruction' of the burner is not set forth here as it forms 3 invention, and inasmuch as. I can emp burners. Burner 16 is provided with a cook 19 having a handle projectin out through an opening in the wall of the see 20 where being used to opc'n and shut the valve that controls the supply foot flange 21 andis preferably provided freshatmospheric air enters the plate 40 which is seen edges to t holds the burner 16 in osition. Thefres'h air enter ng through ho cs 29 keeps the ad-- jacent hrts from becoming overheated.

Ihirt ermore, .a supply 0 are air is constantly given to the base 20,

2, through a a it may be convenicntlyoperatcd, said-handle of oil to the, burner.: The base 20, as stated, is supported on=the 1B0 29 through which ace at its e inner wall of base 20 and which a r fresh outside 4n Shield-oramm 10 in air 91 g int ma ia hand the ugh an tihinh 10am y then-on the q; and "to of t a 3:006 1, an I-i'nn 1.1 'nclined 5 m v as m i r, a as uid in outer 5g jopts downwardly alongside a! tha win-n11 of the distance that thmvrith in innuhr 5pm whim the hand 11': thick ml fmm flm cf the Chamber ml gmfon cow apenir :9 and-M m tire dmfi to bedownmud g ongsizh ot thn-uumimjrmre oi the drupn 2 inklud in! outwmifr into :M chmb411- within hood I, sprint- Eben up an; dim flqugtmus gamma wii-hngjhmugnuut 11115 rrbrq-ogluc chambw-iqury if the; which: Was-.- Them f 0E dish-mung a: is th- 1. 4 man rammed when so dai It i the temperature within-the brooder at a unioil; and thus, promotesfthe circulation ofform point, for the temperature will immediatelybegin 'to equalize when the damper 6 is open, and a reduction of the temperature will ensue sufliciently to'cool the thermostat'und cause it to contract, enoughitc allow the damper 6 to close by virtue of the action of its heav side overcoming the lift- A ing agency of the evers already described.

Access is had to the interior of the drum 2 through the door 24: which is supported-by suitable hinges and covers'an'opemn in the -wall of the drum 2. Below the oor there is a "suitable ventilator 41 which can be opened or closed at will and which provides an additional airsupply or cuts-it air. It will be perceived therefore, that the whole brooder is hope le of o crating so that the temperature is complete y under control at all times and is kept uniform and satisfactory. The supply of pure air which is constantly flowing into the/drum 2 through the pipe 22- is'heeted by the burner,

and this heated air fills the drum 2 and is deliiwred through the lateral -o enings therein into the, chamber under until the some is heeted hot enough for its purpose. When there-is'eny increase of temperature above the predetermined amount, the thermostat 0 one the discharge outlet at the top of the rum 2 and allows the excew heat to be gotten rid of, which will restore the temperature to normal.

may also refer to the fact thatthe bracket 15 that carries the thermostat. also supports a. small can 30 of kerosene, alcohol, .or other inflammable fluid which ildws therefrom through a pipe 29 controlledfby a vulve 31 to a, priming cup arranged in connection with the burner 16 so that the o'iLcontaining parts of said burueiiinay be heated sulficiently to cause vaporization of the oil' whenever it is desir to'light the gas issuingxfrom said burner and start therdevice in operation. Furthermore, it will be noted that the impuritieswhich tall with the air to the floor and might otherwise prove deleterious to the chicks could be drawn through the openings 29 in the foot flange 21 and caused to pass upwardly through drum 2 and be dischargedthroughthe. outlet 7 when the latter in open if plate 1&0 is'rcmovecl. J V

Many changes m the preclse construction,

arrangement, and. adaptation of'the various partsmay be made without oing heyondthe scope of the appended c aims, and I,

therefore, reserve the liberty of modifying the embodiment of the invention in a.

yariety of practical ways to the end that the best results may be atteined in service. Havin thus described my, invention, what I eimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, ia:

1. In a. breeder, the combination of a con tral, Ina-in heating drum having lateral openings for the passage of heated air, a. base frame on which the drum is mounted, itheete'r in said base, a entering said base, a via ve-provid and carrying a ring surrounding the drum opposite'tho lateral air outlets for deflectin the eir "downwardly, an apertured hoo 'loosely hung on the top casting and provided with means -for raisin ,.'and lowering it, an inner"cone-shcped d ector o posite the said lateral outlets, meens on t e top casting for supporting saidd'efiector, and a. temperature control device within the hood for actuating the valve in the upper castin' In ebrooder, the combination of a, cent'rel maindrum ha'vinp; outlet openings near the upper end for the passage of heated tit, a, base on which the drum is mounted, a

pure air sueplply pipecasting I supported'upon theupper end of said drum,

burner therein, a pureuir supply entering 1 the base, a'c'nsting on the upper end of the drum, a valve arranged in an opening m said casting, a hood suported on said castrug, :1 ring carried by tie costing and surrounding the drum opposite the air outlets for deflecting the air downwardly, and an inner deflector opposite the said lateral outlets, together with means on the upper casting for loosely can ing said deflector.

- 3. In ebrooder, t 'e combination of'a'cem tral drum havin lateral openings for the passage of heate air, a to casting carried on smd'drurm'ucentrcl vaye pivotnlly crranged in an opening 111 said castin an intern'al deflecting device opposite sai lateral openings consisting of an inverted cone for v a d verting the air, outwardly, means, for loosely'supporting said deflector upon the top casting, a ring surrounding the drum and supported from the top casting at a; point op )osite the lateral openm V for defleeting t e air downwardly an preventing drafts, an aperturcd hood loosc y hung on the top casting, means for supplying pure cool air to the device, a. burner, and a temperature control device within the hood for actuating the valve in the upper casting,

. In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

,Jorm FREEMAN MA'QK Y. 

